# CVE-2026-45149: brace-expansion: Large numeric range defeats documented `max` DoS protection

> CVE-2026-45149: brace-expansion: Large numeric range defeats documented `max` DoS protection. CVSS 6.5 (CVSS 3.1).

Canonical: https://rewindex.com/cve/CVE-2026-45149
Last updated: 2026-07-22T06:10:00Z

- Published: 2026-05-29 19:55 UTC · Updated: 2026-07-22 06:10 UTC · Assigner: GitHub\_M
- CVSS: 6.5 (CVSS 3.1) · Severity: Medium · Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
- EPSS: 0.30%, 22th percentile (scored 2026-10-25)
- CISA KEV: no
- CWE: CWE-400

## Description

The brace-expansion library generates arbitrary strings containing a common prefix and suffix. From 5.0.0 to before 5.0.6, the max option was being applied too late. When expanding a single large numeric range like {1..10000000}, the sequence generation loop generates all 10 million intermediate elements before the max limit is applied With max=10, the output is correctly limited to 10 items, but the process still allocates ~505 MB and spends ~800ms building the full intermediate array. This vulnerability is fixed in 5.0.6.

## Affected vendors and products

- juliangruber: brace-expansion

## Tracked companies

- [Bitbucket](https://rewindex.com/company/bitbucket.md)
- [Confluence](https://rewindex.com/company/confluence.md)

## References

- [CVE record on cve.org](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45149)
- [NVD entry](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45149)
- [https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/security/advisories/GHSA-jxxr-4gwj-5jf2](https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/security/advisories/GHSA-jxxr-4gwj-5jf2)

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_Sources: CVE records from the CVE Program (cve.org). CVE® is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation. (https://www.cve.org/) This product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. (https://nvd.nist.gov/) Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog from CISA. (https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog) EPSS scores from FIRST (Exploit Prediction Scoring System). (https://www.first.org/epss/)_


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Canonical: https://rewindex.com/cve/CVE-2026-45149 · Markdown: https://rewindex.com/cve/CVE-2026-45149.md · JSON: https://rewindex.com/api/v1/cves/CVE-2026-45149 · Data licensed CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) · Generated 2026-10-26T02:12:27.416Z